How it works
Payback period is the upfront cost divided by the net monthly benefit: the extra profit or savings after running costs such as subscriptions, maintenance or data plans.
ROI over a horizon compares the total net benefit with the investment. This simple version doesn't discount future savings; for long horizons or large projects, add a net present value calculation.
Net monthly benefit = monthly savings − monthly running cost
Payback (months) = investment / net monthly benefit
ROI = (net benefit × months − investment) / investmentWorked example
A ₹3,00,000 machine-monitoring system that saves ₹27,000 a month in lost production, with ₹2,000 a month of running costs, nets ₹25,000 a month. It pays back in 12 months, and over 3 years returns (25,000 × 36 − 3,00,000) / 3,00,000 = 200%.